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Remember
the definitions of Hyperopia - Myopia - Presbyopia. Learn the 12 cranial nerves - Name and Number (Roman
numeral) and main function. Remember how vision is affected in case of Glaucoma - Cataract - Macular
degeneration - Retinal detachment - Diabetic retinopathy. Study
wellSTUDY GUIDE
___________
1) The chemical released in
the synaptic cleft by the presynaptic neuron is calleda) neurotransmitter b) hormone c) cholesterol d) none of the above 2) The following non-neuron cell participates in the
blood brain barrier a) Oligodendrocytes b) Astrocytes c) Microglia d) Ependymal cell 3) Dendrites conduct impulses a) Away from the cell body b) Towards the
cell body 4) The postganglionic parasympathetic neuron a) Is long b) Is short c) Releases epinephrine d) None of the above 5) In the spinal cord, the grey matter is a) Central b) Peripheral 6) The
two hemispheres of the brain are mainly connected by a) Hypothalamus b) Hypophysis c) Corpus callosum d) Basal ganglia 7) The cavities containing
fluid in the brain are called a) heart of the brain b) atria of the brain c) ventricles d) none of the above 8) The myelin sheet covering the axons of some neurons a) slows down the conduction of
impulses b) Speeds up the conduction of impulses c) Renders conduction of impulses impossible d) None of the above 9) Broca's area is a part of the brain cortex involved
in a) movement
of the fingers b) understanding
spoken words c) understanding
written words d) Movement
of the shoulder e) Speech 10) "Spinal" anesthesia a) is exactly same as an epidural anesthesia b) implies that the injection device does not enter the
spinal fluid c) implies that the injection device enters the spinal fluid d) is contraindicated during delivery 11) The spinal cord
ends around the following vertebra a) C1 (cervical 1) b) T1 (Thoracic 1) c) L1 (Lumbar 1) d) S1 (Sacral 1) 12) Any injection in the spinal cord should be made a) Above the end of the spinal
cord b) Below the end of the spinal cord 13) The area of the brain cortex involved in Vision is located
in the a) frontal
lobe b) parietal
lobe c) temporal
lobe d) occipital lobe 14) Hemiplegia means a) Half of the body is paralyzed (Left or Right) b) Half of the body is paralyzed (Superior
or inferior) c) All
four limbs are paralyzed d) None of the above 15) To be considered a neurotransmitter a substance has to be a) secreted by the presynaptic neuron b) able to bind to specific receptors
in post-synaptic neuron c) subjected to a mechanism of control of its amount in the synapse (i.e. degraded by a local enzyme) d) all of the
above 16) The sympathetic nervous system can also be called a) parasympathetic b) fight or
flight c) feed
or breed d) thoracolumbar 17) The
neurotransmitter released by the sympathetic nervous system is a) epinephrine b) acetylcholine 18) Hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system
would result in the following EXCEPT a) Increased heart rate (Tachycardia) b) Bronchodilation (dilation of the bronchi) c) Pupil dilation (Mydriasis) d) Increased peristalsis
(Bowel movement) 19) There is no difference between the cranial nerves and the autonomic nervous system a) True b) False 20) Adrenaline
is another term for a) Acetylcholine b) Epinephrine c) Ampicillin d) Erythromycin 21) The receptors that allow epinephrine to exert its action
are often referred to as a) histaminic b) adrenergic c) cholinergic d) endemic 22) Beta adrenergic receptors in the heart are beta 1 and respond to a) epinephrine b) adrenaline c) acetylcholine d) a and b are
true e) none
of the above 23) A car crosses the road and enters your yard while you were daydreaming about how nice going
back to school is. This is likely to make you switch from a) sympathetic to parasympathetic b) parasympathetic to sympathetic 24) It
is contraindicated to give adrenergic agents (work like adrenaline) to patients with asthma a) True b) False 25) Anticholinergic
drugs (work against acetylcholine) are likely cause constipation a) True b) False 26) The
Eustachian tube connects a) The outer ear to the middle ear b) The outer ear to the inner ear c) The outer ear to the throat d) The inner ear to the throat e) The middle ear to the throat 27) Otitis media is
an infection of the a) middle ear b) outer ear c) inner ear 28) The outer layer of the eye is made of the following a) cornea and retina b) cornea and
sclera c) choroid
and cornea d) choroid
and retina 29) The photoreceptors of the eyes that are sensitive to bright light are called a) Rods b) Cones 30) Vitamin
essential for vision a) Vit A b) Vit C c) Vit
D d) VIt B2 31) The
tip of the tongue is sensitive to sweets and salt and is innervated by the following nerve a) X b) VI c) VII d) IX 32) The tiny bones of the middle ear, also called ossicles a) block the conduction of sound
waves b) serve to conduct sound waves to the inner ear c) are useless and can be removed with no consequences d) all of the above 33) The olfactory
epithelium is specialized in a) sight b) hearing c) vision d) smell e) none of of the above 34) Otitis
media is most likely diagnosed diagnosed by inspecting the following organ a) Pinna or auricle of the ear b) Tympanic membrane c) Throat or pharynx d) All of the above 35) If
the optic chiasm is severely damaged, the patient will show the following signs a) Blindness in one eye b) Blindness in both eyes c) Lack of peripheral vision
(tunnel vision) d) All
of the above 36) Cataract is due to a) Increased pressure inside the eyeball b) Decreased pressure inside the eyeball c) Decrease
transparency of the lens d) Increased transparency of the lens 37) The macula lutea and fovea centralis are part of the fundus
of the eye. These areas have a) A lot of cones and few rods b) A lot of rods and few cones 38) People with macular degeneration have problem to
see a) In
one eye b) Faces c) Anything
above their heads d) at
night only 39) Increased pressure in the eyes is called a) Cataract b) Glaucoma c) Macular degeneration d) Retinal detachment 40) Tears are secreted by a) Ciliary body b) Conjunctiva c) Lacrimal
glands d) Cornea 41) Point
of the retina where there is NO photoreceptors a) macula lutea b) fovea centralis c) choroid d) optic disc or blind spot e) none of of the above 42) The layer of the eye that normally
contains a lot of melanin is a) sclera b) cornea c) choroid d) vitreous humor 43) Myopia
is characterized by the inability (or reduced ability) to see objects that are a) close to the eyes b) far from the eye 44) The
following lobe of the brain processes visuual stimulations a) frontal lobe b) parietal lobe c) occipital lobe d) temporal lobe 46) The organ of Corti
specializes in hearing and is found in the following part of the ear a) outer ear b) middle ear c) inner ear d) pinna 47) A patient with closed angle glaucoma should NOT
take any a) mydriatic drugs b) miotic drugs 48) 20/30 vision means that the subject has to be at 20 feet to see an object that the average
(normal) person sees at 30 feet a) True b) False 49) Cranial nerve involved in hearing is a) VII (facial) b) VIII (Vestibulo-cochlear) c) X (Vagus) d) I (OLfactory) 50) Meniere's
disease is characterized by a) hearing loss and loss of taste b) hearing loss and blindness c) vertigo and hearing loss d) vertigo without hearing loss 51) Taste has nothing to do with smell a) True b) False
Remember the OPTICT CHIASMA.
Remember the definitions of Hyperopia - Myopia - Presbyopia.
Learn the 12 cranial nerves - Name and Number (Roman numeral) and main function.
Remember how vision is affected
in case of Glaucoma - Cataract - Macular degeneration - Retinal detachment - Diabetic retinopathy.
Remember the
OPTICT CHIASMA.
Study well
Remember the definitions of Hyperopia - Myopia - Presbyopia.
Learn the 12 cranial nerves - Name and Number (Roman numeral) and main function.
Remember how vision is affected
in case of Glaucoma - Cataract - Macular degeneration - Retinal detachment - Diabetic retinopathy.
Remember the
OPTICT CHIASMA.
Study well
Remember the definitions of Hyperopia - Myopia - Presbyopia.
Learn the 12 cranial nerves - Name and Number (Roman numeral) and main function.
Remember how vision is affected
in case of Glaucoma - Cataract - Macular degeneration - Retinal detachment - Diabetic retinopathy.
Remember the
OPTICT CHIASMA.
Study well
Remember the definitions of Hyperopia - Myopia - Presbyopia.
Learn the 12 cranial nerves - Name and Number (Roman numeral) and main function.
Remember how vision is affected
in case of Glaucoma - Cataract - Macular degeneration - Retinal detachment - Diabetic retinopathy.
Remember the
OPTIC CHIASMA.
This guide will help you but you should also review your notes and read your book.
Study well
